Microscopic examination of the sample

On microscopic examination

The sample inspection

Microscopic examination through the use of optical and digital zoom to complete sample inspection, in order to enhance the appearance of the small features.This is the opposite of visual inspection, visual inspection involves the use of open hole testing sample.

Optical microscopy used in microstructure under the magnification of 1000 times test.Magnification of up to 500000 times of failure analysis and electron microscope is often used to development lab education institutions.

Microscopic examination type

Tests using four types of material phase microscopy, depending on the nature of the workpiece as well as the investigation target, these types of microscopic examination as described below.

Optical microscopy
In optical microscopy, use different filter to improve contrast, enhance their specific characteristics and based on the material properties.This usually can use within the scope of 2.5 times to 1000 times magnification.In material reading, the reflected light is the most commonly used type of optical microscopy.Also can use the launch of the optical microscopy, but it is mainly used for mineral sample.

Stereoscopic optical microscopy
Stereoscopic microscopy is the use of reflected light from the sample surface, low magnification observation was carried out on the sample of optical microscopy.

Scanning electron microscopy
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a class of electronic microscopy, can use focused electron beam scanning the sample surface, resulting in a sample of the image.The electrons interact with the atoms in a sample, can be converted into on the specimen surface morphology and composition of various signals.

Transmission electron microscopy
Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron beam cast thin specimens and to interact with it through the sample.The signal can be converted into various types of information, including information about each crystal type and orientation.

If the optical microscopy

Optical microscope sample preparation

1. The sample preparation

The surface of the sample status will affect the reflection or transmission of light.The effect of an acceptable level depends on the type and size inspection related features.

To obtain the required surface quality and contrast, the correct sample preparation is crucial.

Optical microscope light source

2. The light source

On the surface of the image is the basis of the interaction between light and the surface.Roughness and surface features such as color or alignment, different light source such as LED, halogen lamp, or mercury lamp, and such as coaxial, ring light source or point sources such as different types of lighting will cover a multitude of different surface for inspection.

The right lighting is quite important for investigating complex configuration.

3. The filter

Ming (BF) contrast is the most commonly used technology.Only the details of the different reflectivity can distinguish each other.

Use a dark field (DF), differential interference contrast (DIC) and polarized light (POL) to contrast technologies such as observation and BF seen in different details.

Optical microscopy choice depends on the nature of the surface of the filter and to investigate the features and details.
Contrast technology dark field plastic layer

Dark field - plastic layer

In the dark field can see its original color of different colors of plastic layer.

Translucent dark field phase microscope

The quality of the dark field - polishing

Compared with the BF and DF can better distinguish between minor scratches, holes and fall off.Holes or cracks and other irregularities can be light reflection to the lens, and all good polishing area is dark.The technology is easy to distinguish between holes, inclusion and spread very microscopic cracks and polishing quality assessment.

Translucent dark field phase microscope

Translucent dark field phase

Translucent phase can be identified by its inherent color, for example, copper oxide inclusions (Cu2O), these inclusions in bright field it is gray, but in the dark field can through the purple sauce red distinguish in the copper substrate.

Polarization light microscope

The polarization of light

Used for:
- compared to optical anisotropic etching of metal structure, such as titanium and tin alloy, beryllium, or uranium.
- through its unique effect of anisotropic identify many metal compounds, and slag.
To distinguish between optical anisotropic optical isotropic facies.
- in the show by etching (i.e., anodic oxidation) under the condition of present optical activity, optical isotropic metal test

Differential interference contrast microscope

Differential interference contrast

Using DICTo be able toClearly visible, and, for example, a special type of intermetallic phase can see its shape for testing.

Fluorescence microscope

fluorescent

Sample of fluorescent part to keep the darkness, and, for example, using fluorescent dyes in the set sample material, can be easily see cracks or holes

4. The image acquisition

In addition to the above method, the actual microstructure of capture, depends on the important factor during image acquisition.Two of the most important factor is the exposure and white balance.

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